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1861 to 1880
This page of the timeline covers -
1861
end of Pony Express in US
Allgemeine Deutsche Handelsgesetzbuch (ADHG)
in German states
Melbourne Stock Exchange opens
first US transcontinental telegraph completed by Western
Union
first colour photography
1862
US Legal Tender Act
Felthouse v Bindley (UK)
Companies Act in England
Pasteur's Mémoire sur les corpuscules
drawing is sent over a wire by Caselli
Colenso's The Pentateuch Critically Examined
first national paper money in USA
US federal Income Tax introduced
first New Zealand telegraph line runs from Christchurch
to Lytletton
32,000 miles of telegraph line and est 5 million messages
in US
1863
UK Post Office Act of 1863 defines telegraph as wire
first metro line in London
National Bank Act in US
Renan's Vie de Jésus
Crédit Lyonnais founded in France
Security from Violence Act (Garrotters' Act)
follows 1862 London Garrotting Panic
Banque de dépôt et de crédit des Pays-Bas
founded
1864
United States Telegraph Company formed
Gold Exchange securities market established in New York
Papal Syllabus of Errors
Société Générale founded in
France
Marsh's Man & Nature
Geneva Convention
Newman's Apologia pro vita sua
Dagron's Traite de Photographie Microscopique
1865
Atlantic cable links US and Europe
Carroll's Alice's Adventure in Wonderland
Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank founded
International Telegraph Union (ITU)
establishment of Council of Law Reporting and commencement
of official law reports in England
Maxwell's Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field
Colonial Laws Validity Act 1865 (Imp)
Nokia established as pulp and paper mill
1866
first Melbourne Cup race
Pearce v Brooks
Commercial Bank of Australia founded
Haeckel coins 'ecology'
Holt Rinehart Winston founded
Overend Gurney financial crisis in London
first telegraph cable across New Zealand's Cook Strait
Western Union absorbs US Telegraph, American Telegraph
and other major US rivals (network is aggregate 37,000
miles)
1867
Cahalan invents stock ticker
International Monetary Conference
German Reichstag extends duration of copyright to life
plus 30 years
1868
writing machine first called a 'Type-Writer'
Foster v Mackinnon
Cuba linked to Florida by telegraph cable
UK Telegraph Act 1868 empowers Postmaster General to "acquire,
maintain and work electric telegraphs"
UK Registration of Railways Act
Poor's Manual of the Railroads of the United States
Hicklin obscenity case in UK
1869
establishment of N W Ayer, first US ad agency
UK Telegraph Act defines telegraph as "any apparatus
for transmitting messages or other communications by means
of electric signals"
UK private telegraph companies nationalised
Tokyo linked to Yokohama by telegraph
transcontinental railway completed in US
Suez Canal
Heinz & Noble (later HJ Heinz) founded
Mendeleev's periodic table of elements
submarine telegraph cable between Hong Kong and Singapore
second Tasmania and Victoria telegraph cable
Société du Câble Transatlantique Française
cable links France and US
1870
stock ticker used by Wall Street
Robinson's The Wild Garden
7.1 million telegrams sent in UK
Western Union introduces telegraphic money order service
first British postcard devised by Anthony Trollope
inauguration of London to Calcutta telegraph line, first
electronic link between Europe and India
Papal Infallibility articulated
Wheeler introduces toilet paper roll in US
1871
Bates establishes first ad agency offering "creative
services"
Paris Commune
Sydney Stock Exchange opens
Darwin's The Descent of Man
first Trans-Siberian telegraph line connects Europe with
China
Hoe perfects continuous roll press
first newspaper printing of pictures using halftone
Boulton & Park case in UK
1872
simultaneous transmission from both ends of a telegraph
wire
Eastern Telegraph Company formed in UK
US$1m budget for advertising Lydia Pinkham's Pink Pills
Overland Telegraph Line links Melbourne to Darwin, with
connection to Europe
Paribas founded in France
US federal Income Tax rescinded
1873
illustrated daily newspaper appears in New York
Eastern Telegraph Company in UK transmits 225,160 words
Northern Pacific railway goes bankrupt
financial crash of 1873
Judicature Act in England
Walter Bagehot's
Lombard Street: A Description of the Money Market
Maxwell publishes theory of radio waves
Dewey develops Dewey Decimal System for Amherst College
Library
Remington starts manufacturing Sholes' typewriters
typewriters get the QWERTY pseudo-scientific keyboard
Parmalee invents automatic fire sprinklers
US 'Comstock Act' criminalises use of mail for distributing
any 'obscene, lewd or lascivious book or other publication
of indecent character'
International Meteorological Organization
1874
Universal Postal Union (UPU) formed
Gorris v Smith
cable links Portugal to Brazil
Banque de l'Indochine founded in France
Joseph Glidden patents barbed wire
1875
mimeograph invented
by Edison
UK Trade Marks Registration Act establishes Trade
Marks Registry
1876
Bell invents telephone
Dickinson v Dodds
first Australia to New Zealand telegraph link
Otto's patent for four-stroke engine
International Office of Weight & Measures
1877
Charles Cros and Thomas Edison invent phonograph
Petroleum Board securities market established in New York
Siemens & Halske start manufacturing phones in Germany
Wolseley sheep shearing machine patent
first commercial telephone is introduced
telegraph from Adelaide to Perth
1878
Edweard Muybridge photographs horse in motion
Cundy v Lindsay
Scripps
newspaper group founded
Locomotive ('Red Flag') Act in UK limits
self-propelled vehicles on public roads to 4 miles per
hour
cathode ray tube invented by Crookes
first telephone directories are issued
full page newspaper ads
dry-plate photography
online romance foreshadowed in Mark Twain's story
The Loves of Alonzo Fitz Clarence and Rosannah Ethelton
Postal & Telegraph Ministry established in France
1879
Benjamin Day's Benday process assists newspaper illustration
first London telephone exchange opens in Coleman Street
Ella Cheever Thayer's Wired Love
first telephone service in Australia connects Melbourne
and South Melbourne offices of Robinson Brothers
Sydney Daily Telegraph appears
Fahlberg patents saccharine
Dahl's 'sulfate' method for practical manufacture of paper
from wood pulp
Frege proposes notational system for mechanical reasoning
Bell buys Western Union's telephone operations
first telephone in China
first electric railway (in Berlin)
1880
first photos in newspapers using halftones
Edison and Swan invent electric light
US-owned telephone companies in UK merge to form United
Telephone Company (later National Telephone Co)
Bell Canada founded
first parcel post
first Australian telephone exchange opened in Melbourne
first Australian telephone directory (44 numbers)
first Australian income tax (in Tasmania)
hanging of bushranger Ned Kelly
Gestetner gains patent for Cyclostyle
next page
(1881 - 1900)
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