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landmarks
This
page highlights key points in the history of collective
intellectual property rights administration in Australia
and overseas.
It covers -
It
is complemented by a more detailed chronology
on intellectual property rights. Context is provided by
the broader Communications, Industry & Media timeline
on this site.
prehistory
1710 British Statute
of Anne provides basis for copyright law in future
Australian colonies
1791 collecting society for French composers founded by
Beaumarchais in France but fails
1837 Société des gens de lettres founded in France
1838 UK International Copyright Act 1838
1847 Bourget, Parizot and Henrion successfully sue Paris
cafe for music royalties
SACEM
1850 Societe des Auteurs, Compositeurs et Editeurs de
Musique (SACEM) established in France as first true copyright
collecting society
1886 Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary
& Industrial Works
1903 Anstalt für musikalisches Aufführungsrecht,
Denkschrift der Genossenschaft Deutscher Tonsetzer (Institute
for mechanical musical rights) formed in Germany
1903 Genossenschaft Deutscher Tonsetzer (aka) GDT - Cooperative
of German Composers - founded in Germany
1905 Copyright Act 1905 in Australia
1908 Berlin Convention adds photography, film and sound
recordings to Berne
1909 Copyright Law amendment in US
1909 Anstalt für mechanisch-musikalische Rechte GmbH
(aka AMMRE) (Institute for mechanical musical rights)
founded in Germany regarding mechanical reproduction rights
1911 Performing Right Society (PRS) founded in UK
1912 Australian Copyright Act 1912 reflects UK
Act of 1911
1913 American Society of Composers, Authors & Publishers
(ASCAP) formed in US
1915 establishment of Genossenschaft zur Verwertung musikalischer
Aufführungsrechte (aka GEMA) - Cooperative for the
exploitation of musical performing rights
1916 GEMA merges with the German branch of AKM as Verband
zum Schutze musikalischer Aufführungsrechte für
Deutschland (Association for the protection of musical
performing rights in Germany)
1924 Mechanical Copyright Protection Society (MCPS) founded
in UK
1926 Confederation Internationale des Societes Auteurs
& Compositeurs (CISAC) founded
first Australian societies
1926 Australasian Performing Right Association Ltd (APRA)
founded
1928 Rome Convention adds broadcasting to Berne
1929 Bureau International des Sociétés Gérant les Droits
D'Enregistrement et les Reproduction Mecanique (BIEM)
founded
1930 merger of GDT and Verband
1933 Associazione dei Fonografici Italiani (AFI) founded
1933 GEMA and GDT merge as Staatlich genehmigte Gesellschaft
zur Verwertung musikalischer Urheberrechte (STAGMA)
1934 Phonographic Performance Ltd (PPL) founded in UK
1938 STAGMA absorbs AMMRE
1939 Dai-Nippon Music Copyright Association founded in
Japan
1940 BMI formed in US
1947 STAGMA restructured as GEMA (Gesellschaft für
musikalische Aufführungs- und mechanische Vervielfältigungsrechte)
- Society for musical performing and mechanical reproduction
rights
1948 Brussels Convention adds television to Berne
1956 Copyright Owners Reproduction Society Limited (CORS)
formed in Australia
1961 Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers,
Producers of Phonograms & Broadcasting Organizations
1962 SESAC formed in US
the 1968 Act in Australia
1968 Australian Copyright Act 1968
1968 Australian Copyright Tribunal established
1969 Phonographic Performance Company of Australia Ltd
(PPCA) founded
1973 BONUS RRO founded in Sweden
1973 CORS becomes Australian Music Publishers Association
Ltd (AMPAL)
1974 World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) established
1974 Copyright Agency Ltd (CAL) founded in Australia
1975 Moorhouse v UNSW case in Australia
1975 AMPAL establishes ANZ Music Copyright Agency
1976 Copyright Law Committee on Reprographic Reproduction
(Franki Report)
1980 origins of International Federation of Reproduction
Rights Organisations (IFRRO)
1980 Australasian Mechanical Copyright Owners Society
Limited (AMCOS) replaces ANZ Music Copyright Agency
1985 CAL v Department of Education case in Australia
1988 CANCOPY formed in Canada
1990 Audio-Visual Copyright Society Ltd (AVCS, later Screenrights)
formed in Australia
the beginning of the digital era
1992 Broadcasting Services Act 1992 in Australia
1993 Mana Tangata Mataatua Declaration in New Zealand
1994 Stopping the Ripoffs: Intellectual Property
Protection for Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander
Peoples issues paper in Australia
1994 CLRC Journalists' Copyright report
1994 Highways to Change: Copyright in the New Communications
Environment report by Commonwealth government
1995 Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual
Property (TRIPS) comes into effect
1995 Visual Arts Copyright Collecting Agency (Viscopy)
founded in Australia
1995 Review of Australian Copyright Collecting
Societies (Simpson Report) in Australia
1995 Performers' Rights: Options for Reform
Commonwealth government report
1996 WIPO Copyright Treaty (WCT)
1996 WIPO Performances & Phonograms Treaty
(WPPT)
1996 Nationwide News v Copyright Agency Ltd case
1997 Performers' Intellectual Property Rights
Commonwealth government discussion paper
1997 Neighbouring Rights Collective of Canada (NRCC) created
1997 Société de gestion des droits des artistes-musiciens
(SOGEDAM) established in Canada
1997 Telstra v APRA (Music On Hold) case
1998 PPCA v FACTS case in High Court of Australia
1998 Educational Rights Collective of Canada (ERCC) collective
established
1998 Our Culture Our Future report in Australia
on indigenous IPR
1998 House of Representatives Don't Stop The Music!
report on APRA and PPCA
1998 AVCS administers educational copying licence in New
Zealand
1999 Copyright Agency Ltd v Uni of Adelaide case
1999 AVCS renamed Screenrights
2000 Cracking Down on Copycats report in Australia
2000 Intellectual Property & Competition Review in
Australia
2000 Copyright Law Review Committee report
on Copyright Tribunal
collective administration in the age of the net
2000 Copyright Amendment (Digital Agenda) Act 2000
in Australia
2000 Copyright Amendment (Moral Rights) Act 2000 in
Australia
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